Shaanzhou Dikengyuan

Shaanzhou Dikengyuan is located in Beiying Village, Zhangbian Township, Shanzhou District, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. As an ancient and miraculous style of dwellings, the pit yard contains a rich culture. It is an underground ancient dwelling building in the whole country and even the world. It is known as "the ancient village under the horizon, the living fossil of human burrowing", and it is unique to China. One of the residential buildings. "Seeing the tree but not the village, entering the village, not seeing the house, entering the house, not seeing the door, and hearing the sound but not seeing people" is its true portrayal.

History of Shanzhou.mp3

    History of Shanzhou

   "Said the text" cloud: "Shaanxi, narrow also", which means the place where danger is difficult to pass. According to the records of Zhili Shaanzhou Zhi written during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty: "The mountain is surrounded by Shaanxi. The mountains around Shaanxi are all known as Shaanxi." Around Shaanxi, there are the Mausoleum in the east, the Han Valley in the west, and the Shaanxi Highland in the south. Yigan Mountain, north of the Yellow River to Zhongtiao Mountain.Shaanzhou is named after "Shaan".

Pit yard building skills.mp3

    Craftsmanship

    The square large pit of the pit yard is called the patio, the main living space is the cave, the passage to the ground is called the door, the dry well that collects rainwater and sewage is called the seepage well, and the upper brick and tile structure is called the horse wall. The standard name of the pit yard is "Tianyuan Kiln", the local people call it "pit", and the common name is the pit yard. The construction of the pit courtyard is very particular, and it is constructed strictly in accordance with the feng shui concept of five elements and eight diagrams. The first is "the ground, the courtyard". According to the pre-determined position and orientation, determine the type of house; the second is "lower courtyard, kiln", dig a large rectangular or square pit about 5 to 6 meters deep on the deep loess layer, and then chisel on the four walls Caves with 8 to 12 holes are produced; the third is "eaves and milling yards" to build the cave eaves and horse walls; the fourth is "installation, whitewashing", installing doors and windows, and painting the walls of the cave with wheat straw mud; It is "drainage, kang building", dig a drainage "seepage pit" in the yard, build the stove and kang with adobe and brick. "Digging down, digging holes in four walls, wearing boots and hats, and beautifying the decoration" is a high-level summary of the construction skills of the pit courtyard. In 2011, the construction techniques of the pit yard were included in the national intangible cultural heritage protection list.

House of residence.mp3

    Residential house

    The residential house mainly displays the daily life layout of the pit yard. According to functional division, there are main kiln, kitchen kiln, door kiln, partial kiln, guest kiln, storage kiln, grain kiln, livestock kiln, mao kiln, etc. The position of main kiln, door kiln and kitchen kiln is very important. The main kiln is wider than other caves. It is nine feet five inches high and nine feet wide. It is commonly known as "nine five kilns". The partial kiln lives for the younger generation, and is equipped with one door and two windows or one door and one window. The yard is fully functional, with a water well and a drainage "seepage well". There is a kang in the house, and the kang stove is connected. It can be used for cooking and heating. In the yard, trees and flowers are planted, and the crown of the tree rises above the ground, forming a peculiar landscape of "seeing trees without seeing the village, entering the village without seeing the house, and hearing the sound without seeing people".

Wedding House.mp3

    Wedding home

    The Wedding Custom Performance Theater is the largest and most representative of the 22 yards in the Dikengyuan Scenic Area , and showcases the traditional wedding customs in the west of Henan.Marriage is a big event in life, and the ceremony is very grand. Here, you can watch wedding ceremonies such as unique suona greetings, bridegroom riding, bride sitting on a sedan chair, congratulations on family and friends, maternity in a church, etc.; you can watch the characteristic mountain-making stove that produces "ten bowl seats"; you can admire the "cave room" Furnishings and black paper-cutting with unique characteristics of Shaanzhou; you can experience the lively "fashionable face", "noisy cave room"..., a thick festive atmosphere, a beautiful meaning made by heaven, making people feel happy and linger.

Farming Institute.mp3

    Farming yard

    Farming is the source of food and clothing and the root of human civilization. China's farming culture is extensive and profound, and has a long history. The farming yard displays the farming tools and measuring tools of spring farming, summer farming, autumn harvest, winter storage and other farming links, as well as ancient stone mills. Through these objects, the living scenes of the residents of the pit yard sowing and harvesting, crop processing, storage and production will be in sight. The imprint of these farming cultures shows the labor scene of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset" in the rural areas of western Henan , and is full of the rural life of "male farming and weaving". The local feelings of sowing, plowing, growing and harvesting make people Can't forget for a long time.

Textile Embroidery Academy.mp3

    Textile Embroidery

    The textile institute displayed the female red elements with the characteristics of the pit courtyard, such as spinning floats, looms, thump grass printing, embroidery, and cloth art. In the period of farming civilization, the countryside is a self-sufficient life, men and women plowing, we have a clear division of labor. The wearing of a family is basically done with their own hands, and life skills such as spinning, weaving, embroidering, making clothes, and making shoes are essential basic skills for every woman. Proficient in female red is a symbol of ingenuity and cleverness. In rural areas, such women are very respected.

Cheng Ni Yan Yuan.mp3

    Chengni Yanyuan

    Shaanxi Chengni Inkstone is one of the four famous inkstones in the history of China. It is listed as a tribute by the Royal Palace. It is the same as Duan Inkstone, Inkstone, and Taoyan Inkstone. It was awarded the Gold Medal of the Panama International Expo in 1914. Clear mud inkstone is processed and fired by the fine washed mud as raw material. It has delicate texture, moisturizing and moisturizing, just like the skin of baby, and the water storage is not dry, the cold is not cold, the ink is not damaged, it is in the inkstone A must. The fragrant clear mud inkstones that exude the fragrant soils of Shaanzhou, many of which are treasured in major museums such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin, have become witnesses to history. Many are regarded as treasures by international friends and become bonds of cultural exchange.

Xiquyuan.mp3

    Opera House

    There are many kinds of operas in China , and each place has its own unique operas. The characteristic dramas in Shaanzhou are mainly Pu opera, Yanggao opera, and gongs and drums. Yanggao's original name is Yangge Opera, also known as Xianzi Opera, commonly known as the Lamb Opera. Its tunes are ups and downs, focusing on the description of the story (plot). The performances, music, and dancing of the Yanggao Opera have a simple atmosphere and are very popular among the people. In Shanzhou, if there is no Yang Gao opera, then the assembly or festival will become boring. Therefore, Yanggao was once regarded as a "sacred drama" in the local area. The Yanggao Opera has been selected as the Henan Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection List, and has been effectively protected in Shaanzhou. Retained repertoires include "Hua Liulin", "Anti-Western Tang Dynasty" and "Huilong Pavilion".

Zhang Dengjie Color House.mp3

    Zhang Dengjie Color House

    Zhang Dengjie Caiyuan displayed a lot of representative lanterns. Lanterns are a cultural element and a traditional folk custom that are closely related to the lives of Chinese people. Whenever there is a festival or celebration, the lanterns must be decorated. Lanterns are not only used for lighting, but also auspicious symbols. "Deng" and "Ding" are in harmony, meaning Ding is prosperous. The Lantern Festival is a festival of lanterns, and the custom of watching lanterns originated in the early years of the Han Dynasty. In the first year of Tang Kaiyuan, in order to celebrate Cathay Pacific's people's security, lanterns were tied up and flashing lights were used to symbolize "Cailong Zhaoxiang, Minfu and Guoqiang". Zhang Dengjie's color is also a folk culture that expresses auspicious and festive meaning in the pit courtyard.

Paper-cutting institute.mp3

    Paper-cutting yard

    Shaanxi has a long history of paper-cutting, which can be traced back to the Xia and Zhou dynasties at the earliest. The paper-cutting works have a wide range of materials, full composition, vivid shapes, and rich rustic flavor. Among them, the unique dyeing and black paper-cut styles are a microcosm of the Yellow River culture and have important academic Value, practical value and appreciation of collection value. The form of paper-cutting in Shanzhou is unique and novel, and the cutting technique is unique. The technique of paper-cutting is passed from male to female. Most of the male artists are self-contained and unique. When cutting the paper, sing while cutting, the paper moves with the cut, and the cut ends. Shaanxi Paper-cut is known as "Fantastic Folklore, Central Plains", and has been selected as a national intangible cultural heritage list.